Extraclox

Therapeutic indications:

The drug is used:

• at the start of the dry period in cows;
• for the treatment of cattle mastitis of bacterial etiology during the dry period;
• for the treatment of eye infections caused by cloxacillin-sensitive microorganisms in cattle, sheep and horses.

Composition of the veterinary drug:

3.6 g of the drug (one syringe) contains:

• 600 mg of cloxacillin benzathine as an active substance of the drug.

Pharmacological activity:

EXTRACLOX is an antibacterial drug. The active substance of the drug cloxacillin benzathine is a semi-synthetic penicillin.

Cloxacillin has a broad spectrum of bactericidal action. Cloxacillin is active against gram-positive bacteria, which are found in milk collected from the udder during the dry period: Streptococcus spp.  (including Streptococcus agalactiae), Staphylococcus spp., including penicillin-resistant strains), Trueperella (Corynebacterium) pyogenes.

Cloxacillin is highly effective in the treatment of bovine keratoconjunctivitis caused by Moraxella bovis. Also it has antibacterial activity against cloxacillin-sensitive bacteria that cause keratoconjunctivitis in sheep and horses.

Cloxacillin suppresses the functional activity of bacterial enzymes of transpeptidase, which are involved in peptidoglycan binding (peptidoglycan is the main component of the cell wall of microorganisms), resulting in the death of bacteria.

The drug has a long-term bactericidal effect due to the poorly soluble salt of cloxacillin and a special composition of the drug carrier.

EXTRACLOX creates a high level of antibiotic in the udder tissues and does not have an irritating effect. If the drug is administered via intramammary injection, the therapeutic effect during the dry period is maintained for 3-4 weeks.  Cloxacillin is excreted from the animal body with urine and faeces and with milk in lactating animals.

When applied to the eye area, the drug has an antibacterial effect for 48 hours.

Dosage:

The drug is administered via intramammary injection into all quarters of the udder immediately after the end of the lactation period. The drug should be given at a single dose of 3,6 g (one syringe) per one quarter of the udder.

Before the drug administration, milk out the treated udder quarters; clean and disinfect the nipples. Carefully put the tip of the syringe in the nipple canal and squeeze out the syringe content. The contents of one syringe is squeezed out in every quarter of the udder. After the drug administration, remove the syringe, pinch the end of the nipple and massage the nipple upwards during 1-2 minutes for better drug distribution.

For the treatment of animals with keratoconjunctivitis, the drug is applied to the conjunctiva of the eye at a dose of ¼ to ½ of the syringe volume.  If necessary, the treatment may be repeated after 48 hours. If only one eye is affected by keratoconjunctivitis, treat both eyes with the drug to avoid bacterial contamination of the other.  In this case, a healthy eye must be treated first to prevent its bacterial contamination through a syringe.

Precautions and adverse reactions:

When the drug is used in accordance with the instruction, side effects and complications are generally not observed. In animals with increased individual sensitivity to the components of the drug, allergic reactions may occur. In this case, antihistamines and calcium preparations are prescribed.

Do not use the drug in animals with hypersensitivity to the components of the veterinary drug. The drug should not be used intramammary less than 42 days before the expected calving.

No overdose symptoms when using the drug have been observed.

After the first administration and cancellation no peculiarities are revealed.

The use of the drug does not exclude the use of other drugs, except for drugs for intramammary administration.

Do not use the drug via intramammary injection in lactating cows.

EXTRACLOX is allowed to apply to the conjunctiva during the lactation period as well as for the treatment of the pregnant cows.

Withdrawal period:

Being administered via intramammary injection, animals must not be slaughtered for human consumption before 28 days after the last drug administration. Meat of animals forcibly slaughtered before the specified period expires may be used for feeding carnivores.

The withdrawal period for milk is 5 days after calving. If the drug is mistakenly administered to these cows, the milk should not be used for food purposes within 46 days. Milk collected from the healthy quarters before the expiry of the established period is allowed for calves feeding after thermal treatment. Milk from infected quarters should be heated for disinfection and then utilized.

When the drug is applied to the conjunctiva, milk and meat can be used for human consumption without restrictions.

Storage conditions:

Store in a dark place at a temperature between +2 °C to +25 °C.

The drug should be kept out of the reach of children.

Shelf-life:

Shelf-life of the veterinary drug is 2 years from the date of manufacture. Shelf-life after first opening of the bottle is 28 days under appropriate storage conditions.