Colidox

Therapeutic indications:

The drug is used in young cattle, pigs and poultry (broiler chickens, repair young laying hens) for the treatment of diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to doxycycline and colistin, including:

• in young cattle - salmonellosis, escherichiosis (colibacteriosis), staphylococcosis, streptococcosis and other diseases;
• in pigs - enzootic pneumonia, actinobacillar pleuropneumonia, infectious atrophic rhinitis, salmonellosis, escherichiosis (colibacteriosis), dysentery, leptospirosis;
• in poultry - escherichiosis (colibacteriosis), pasteurellosis, salmonellosis, mycoplasmosis, staphylococcosis, mixed infections, infections of unknown etiology, as well as bacterial complications of viral infections.

Composition of the veterinary drug:

The 1 g of the drug contains:

• 100 mg of doxycycline (in the form of doxycycline hyclate)
• 500 000 МЕ (equivalent to 21 mg) colistin sulfate as active substances.

Pharmacological activity:

Colidox is a complex antibacterial drug.

Doxycycline, which is active component of the drug, belongs to the group of semi-synthetic tetracyclines. Doxycycline has a bacteriostatic effect on gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, some protozoa and mycoplasma, including Escherichia coli, Haemophilus spp., Pasteurella spp., Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Clostridium spp., Chlamydia spp., Listeria monocytogenes and other doxycycline-sensitive microorganisms.

Colistin sulfate is a mixture of sulfate polypeptides produced by certain strains of Bacillus polymyxa. Colistin has a profound bactericidal effect against most aerobic gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Salmonella spp., Pasteurella spp., Bordetella spp., Enterobacter spp., Proteus spp. and some others.

The mechanism of the bacteriostatic action of doxycycline is associated with inhibition of microbial cell protein synthesis by reversible binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit of doxycycline-sensitive microorganisms, which prevents their ribosomes from binding to aminoacyl-tRNA.

Colistin disrupts the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane, blocking its phospholipid components, which leads to the release of water-soluble cytoplasmic compounds into the environment.

Doxycycline is well absorbed and is distributed in almost all organs and tissues after oral administration of the drug. Therapeutic concentration is maintained for 12-18 hours. Doxycycline is metabolized in the liver with the formation of inactive metabolites. It is excreted from the body mainly with faeces and through the kidneys with urine.

With oral administration of the drug, colistin is practically not absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract of adult animals, however, partial resorption of the antibiotic occurs in young animals. Colistin is not affected by digestive enzymes, resulting in a high concentration of the antibiotic in the intestine; does not accumulate in organs and tissues; it is excreted from the body mainly unchanged with feces.

Dosage:

The drug is given orally individually or in a group way, mixed with food or water, once a day, for 3-5 days in the following doses:

• young cattle - 0.2–0.4 g of the drug per 10 kg of animal body weight;
• pigs - 0.2–0.4 g of the drug per 10 kg of animal body weight; 1 kg of the drug per 1000-1250 liters of drinking water or 1.5 kg of the drug per 1 ton of feed;
• Poultry (broiler chickens, replacement laying hens) - 1 kg of the drug per 1000-2000 liters of drinking water or 1-2 tons of feed. During the treatment period, the bird should receive only water containing the drug.

The prepared solution of the drug must be used within 24 hours.

Precautions and adverse reactions:

In the recommended doses, the drug, as a rule, does not cause adverse reactions. In rare cases, allergic reactions (dermatitis, itching, swelling), digestive disorders (dysbacteriosis and superinfection) may occur. In this case, the use of the drug should be canceled and symptomatic treatment should be prescribed, including antihistamines and calcium preparations.

Do not use in animals with increased individual sensitivity to the components of the drug and with severe impairment of liver and kidney functions.

No overdose symptoms when using the drug have been observed.

After the first administration and cancellation no peculiarities are revealed.

Avoid skipping the next dose of the drug, as this may lead to a decrease in therapeutic efficacy. If administration of the veterinary drug is missed, resume it in the same dosage according to the same treatment scheme.

Do not use this drug simultaneously with penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics, with drugs containing calcium, aluminum and magnesium compounds, with milk and dairy products.

Do not use in females in the second half of pregnancy, laying hens during the laying period and ruminants with developed cicatricial digestion.

Withdrawal period:

Do not use in poultry, whose egg is used for human food, as well as in repair young chickens less than 2 weeks before the start of egg laying.

Do not use for cattle, which milk is used for human consumption. 

Animals and poultry should not be slaughtered for human consumption within 21 days after the last treatment. Meat of animals forcibly slaughtered earlier than the specified period expires may be used for feeding carnivores.

Storage conditions:

Store in a dark place at a temperature between +2°C to +25°C. The drug should be kept out of the reach of children.

Shelf-life:

Shelf-life of the veterinary drug under appropriate storage conditions is 2 years from the date of manufacture, after the first opening of the package - 3 month. The shelf-life of working solution is 24 hours, respectivly. Do not use after expiry date.