Coktol

Therapeutic indications:

The drug is used for the treatment and prevention of eimeriosis in piglets, calves, lambs, young goats and poultry. The drug is prescribed when a critical level of coccidia (10-20 thousand / g) is reached in the litter, as well as when clinical signs of the disease appear.

Composition of the veterinary drug:

1 ml of the drug contains:

•          50 mg of toltrazuril

Pharmacological activity:

The active substance of the drug is toltrazuril, a triazinetrione derivative.

Toltrazuril has a wide spectrum of anticoccidial action, including Isospora suis, Eimeria arloingi, Eimeria scabra, Eimeria guevarai, Eimeria bovis, Eimeria zuernii, Eimeria alabamensis and other types of eimeria in pigs, cattle and small cattle; as well as all types of eimeria parasitizing birds: E. acervulina, E. brunetti, E. necatrix, E. mitis, E. adenoides, E. meleagrimitis, E. anceris, E. truncata, E. maxima.

Mechanism of action: toltrazuril inhibits respiratory enzymes and, as consequence, damages mitochondria and the processes of eimeria nuclear division, suppresses the formation of macrogametocytes.

After oral administration, toltrazuril is slowly absorbed into the gastro-intestinal tract and has antiparasitic effect in the mucous and submucous membranes. In the body, toltrazuril is metabolized by sulfooxidation and hydroxylation with formation of sulfoxide and sulfone derivatives. 

Toltrazuril is excreted from the organism with faeces and partially with urine.

Dosage:

The drug is administered orally to animals individually, and to poultry in a group way, according to the recommended doses (see Table 1).

Table 1 — Dosage

Before using the drug, the bottle should be heated to room temperature (20−25 °С) and stirred by shaking.

In severe cases of the disease in poultry, it is allowed to repeat the treatment after 5 days.

It is allowed to use pulsdosing technique when the drug is administred in a batch. 

Depending on the administration mode and the settings of the dosing equipment, it is allowed to prepare both a therapeutic solution and use a stock suspension.

To prepare a stock suspension for subsequent dosing, dissolution and evaporation using dosing devices (pulsdosing), it is allowed to mix the drug with drinking water in any proportions, for example, 10 liters of the drug and 10 liters of water, 2 liters of the drug and 50 liters of water or in other ratios. If necessary, the prepared stock suspension is periodically stirred (1 time for 2-6 hours).

The drug should be used immediately after the preparation of a therapeutic solution or stock suspension and during for no more than 48 hours. During the period of administration, the therapeutic solution of the drug should be the only source of drinking water for poultry. In the case when this is not possible, for example, when using pulsdosing, the daily dose is administered for at least 4 hours or divided into 2 equal parts and administered at intervals of 12 hours.

Precautions and adverse reactions:

When used in accordance with the instruction, side effects and complications are generally not observed. In animals and poultry with increased individual sensitivity to the components of the drug, allergic reactions may occur (diarrhea, decreased appetite, erythema). If symptoms of an allergic reaction occur (diarrhea, decreased appetite, erythema), the drug should be cancelled; and, if necessary, antihistamines and symptomatic treatment should be prescribed.

Do not use in animals and poultry with hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.

Do not use the drug to laying hens and repair young chickens less than 14 days before the start of egg laying.

In case of an overdose, side effects such as loss of appetite, low water consumption may be observed. These symptoms go away spontaneously without using symptomatic remedies.

Do not use the drug at the same time with other anti-eimeriosis agents. There is no information about the incompatibility of the drug with drugs of other pharmacological groups.

After the first administration and cancellation, no peculiarities of the drug use have been revealed.

Avoid missing the next dose of the drug, as it may lead to the reduced therapeutic effect. If administration of the veterinary drug is missed, resume it in the same dosage and according to the same treatment scheme as soon as possible. Do not increase the dose to compensate the missing one.

The drug cannot be used in animals whose milk is used for human food, as well as in poultry whose egg is used for human food.

Withdrawal period:

Piglets must not be slaughtered for human consumption before 91 days; calves, lambs and goats – before 70 days, and birds not earlier than in 14 days after the last drug administration.

Meat of animals forcibly slaughtered earlier than the specified period expires may be used for feeding carnivores.

Storage conditions:

Store in a dark place at a temperature between +2 °C to +25 °C.

The drug should be kept out of reach of children.

Shelf-life:

Shelf-life of the veterinary drug is 3 years from the date of manufacture. Shelf-life after the first opening is 90 days. The prepared solution is suitable for use in 48 hours.