Amoxicillin-K

Therapeutic indications:

Veterinary drug Аmoxicillin-200 is used for therapeutic purpose to calves, pigs and poultry (broilers, breeding poultry, poultry of parental flock, repair young chickens) in case of escherichiosis (colibacillosis), salmonellosis, pasteurellosis and other diseases of bacterial etiology of respiratory organs, gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary system, soft tissues and skin, the causative agents of which are sensitive to the drug components.

Composition of the veterinary drug:

1 g of Аmoxicillin-K powder contains:

• 500 mg Amoxicillin trihydrate
• 125 mg potassium clavulanate as active substanses.

Pharmacological activity:

The drug belongs to the group of penicillins in combinations.

The combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid in the drug has a wide range of bactericidal activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms, including strains producing β-lactamase: Streptococcus spp, Staphylococcus spp., Corynebacterium spp., Clostridium spp., Actinomyces bovis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp, Pasteurella spp., Bacteroides spp., Haemophilus spp., Fusobacterium necrophorum, Moraxella spp., Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Actinobacillus lignieresii.

Amoxicillin is a semi-synthetic antibiotic of penicillin group of broad-spectrum penicillins, active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. Its mechanism of action is inhibition of transpeptidase, which leads to disruption of synthesis of peptidoglycan (support protein) of the cell wall during division and growth of the microorganism, thereby causing lysis of the bacterial cell.

Clavulanic acid has a weak antibacterial effect. It irreversibly binds β-lactamase (forms a stable complex with it), protecting amoxicillin from enzymatic destruction and restoring the sensitivity of bacteria to the bactericidal action of amoxicillin in concentrations that are easily achieved in animal tissues after administration of the drug, providing a guaranteed manifestation of its antibacterial action. 

Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid show synergism, enhancing the effect of each other and expanding the spectrum of antimicrobial activity.

The drug is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, penetrates into all organs and tissues of the body, remaining in therapeutic concentrations for up to 12 hours. The drug is eliminated from the body mainly with urine, partially with bile.

Dosage:

Аmoxicillin-K powder is administered orally, individually or in groups within 3-5 days in the following doses:

• calves - 0.8 g of the drug per 100 kg of animal body weight with drinking water, milk or milk replacer;
• pigs - 0.8-2 g of the drug per 100 kg of animal body weight with drinking water, milk or mixed with feed;
• poultry - 4 g of the drug per 100 kg of body weight of poultry with drinking water or mixed with feed.  When administered to poultry under 10 days of age, the solution is prepared at the ratio of 5 g/100 litres of drinking water, and for poultry over 10 days of age - 10 g/100 litres of drinking water. The prepared solution should be the only source of drinking water for poultry during the period of drug feeding.

Aqueous solution of the drug shall be prepared daily in the volume sufficient for daily consumption. Prepared solutions of the drug based on milk and milk replacer are stable for 4 hours.

 Precautions and adverse reactions:

When using the drug in accordance with this instruction, side effects and complications generally are not observed. Swelling of rectal tissues is possible in piglets. Allergic reactions may occur in animals and poultry with increased individual sensitivity to the drug components. With the manifestation of side effects, the the drug is cancelled, antihistamines are prescribed; symptomatic treatment is conducted.

Do not use in animals and poultry which are known to be hypersensitive to the drug components and cephalosporins, as well as in case of impaired renal excretory function. Do not use in calves older than 3 months of age.

In case of the overdose of the veterinary drug, feed refusal, vomiting and diarrhoea may occur.  The treatment is symptomatic.

Do not use simultaneously with antibiotics from groups of tetracyclines, amphenicols, macrolides, lincosamides, sulfonamides.

After the first administration and cancellation, no peculiarities of the drug use have been revealed.

Avoid missing the next dose of the drug, as it may lead to the reduced therapeutic effect. If administration of the veterinary drug is missed, resume it in the same dosage and according to the same treatment scheme as soon as possible. Do not increase the dose to compensate the missing one.

Use of the drug during pregnancy and lactation is possible under the prescription of a veterinarian, if the expected benefit exceeds the potential risk.

Do not use for poultry, whose eggs are used for human consumption.

Withdrawal period:

Animals must not be slaughtered for human consumption within 15 days after the last treatment, poultry - after 5 days. Meat of animals forcibly slaughtered earlier than the specified period may be used for feeding carnivores.

Storage conditions:

Store in a dark place at a temperature of +2 °C to +25 °C.  Keep out of reach of children.

Shelf-life:

Shelf-life of the veterinary drug under appropriate storage conditions is 2 years from the date of manufacture. Shelf-life after first opening: 7 days under appropriate storage conditions. The prepared aqueous solution is suitable for 24 hours. Prepared solution based on milk and milk replacer is suitable for 4 hours. Do not use the drug after expiry date.